Core Concepts in Basic Chemistry - Matter and Atoms: Everything is made of matter (mass and volume). The basic unit is the atom, which consists of a nucleus (protons, neutrons) and orbiting electrons. - Elements and the Periodic Table: Elements are pure substances consisting of one type of atom. The Periodic Table arranges elements by atomic number, displaying their properties. - Chemical Bonds: Atoms bond to achieve stability. Ionic bonds: Electrons are transferred between atoms, creating ions. Covalent bonds: Atoms share electrons. - Chemical Reactions: Processes where reactants break and rearrange bonds to form new products. - States of Matter: Matter typically exists as solids, liquids, or gases, depending on temperature and pressure.